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Science Report - 3
[öƽ̾] Է 2019-10-05 14:31:42
"öƽ Ȳ ذå б å - 3"

 

3. ؾ ̼öƽ ° ؼ

ؾ ̼öƽ ؾ °迡 ɰ ظ ִ. ° Ȯ ̵ Űüμ ̴. , ׹, Һ öƽ , ؾ ‘(entanglement)’ ‘(ingestion)’ Ͽ ū , ̼öƽ ‘’ °迡 ģ. öƽ ũⰡ ۾ ̵ ϰ ޴ ؾ, ؾ ôߵ ũ Ȯ ִ(<׸ 2.2> ).

ȯ뿡 ä , Ǯ(Fulmarus glacialis), ٴټ(Alcidae), (Spheniscidae) 忡 ̼öƽ ȮεǾ, ٴ尡, ȫշ ôߵ ü ̼öƽ ȮεǾ. , ؾ öƽ ũⰡ ۾鼭 ̵ ϴ ؾ ڴ ̰, ư ũ ۾ ġ ⿡ з ٽ ִ. ѱؾб ǽ dzȭ Ƽ ũ ʹ̼ ̼öƽ . ׷ ڿ dzȭ ȯ濡 ʹ̼ öƽ ǰ ؾȯ濡 ϴ θ ϱ ؼ ü ʿϴ.

̼öƽ öƽ ÷ ִ. öƽ ü ʾ, öƽ( Ǵ ǰ) ؾ Ե ĪѴ. öƽ Ҽ(hydrophobicity) ־ Ҽ ܷ (Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs) Ư δ. ũⰡ ۾ ̼öƽ ū öƽ ǥ Ŀ ֺ ؼ ߿ ϴ POPs ߷ ϰ ȴ. öƽ ڴ ֺ ؼ POPs 105~106 󵵷 ִ(Mato et al., 2001).

öƽ ̼ öƽ ɼ ϱ پ ȭй ÷Ǿ ִ. , ⺻ ̿ , , ·ڿܼ , ȭ پ ȭй ȥյǾ , öƽ ǰ Ǵ ̳ صǴ ̵ ֺ ȯ ִ(Rochman et al., 2013). ̿ Ǵ ÷ ̼öƽ ؾ Ͽ , ̼öƽ Ҿ ̼öƽκ Ͽ 2 ִ. ‘̼öƽ ؾ ϴ Űü̸ ؾ ǰ ĥ ִ’ Ըϱ ֱ Ȱ ǰ ִ.

׷ ̼öƽ ڰ ְ ɿ ĥ ִٴ ǥǾ ұϰ(Browne et al., 2008; Browne et al., 2010), ȯ濡 Ȯϰ . ׷ ̼öƽ ؼ ȸ ڵ鵵 ִ. ̵ ؾ ̼öƽ ġ ̾ϸ ϴ ִٰ Ѵ(Koelmans et al., 2013). ̼öƽ ؾ°迡 ġ Ըϱ 2010 ޹ Ÿ , κ ǿ Ȯϴ ̸, ſ ̾ ̴. ٵ ȯ濡 ԸǾ ϸ, ̸ ٰŷ ̼öƽ ؼ 򰡵Ǿ ̴. 2015

5 ؾ ‘ؾȯ߻’ ȯ ‘ؾ ̼öƽ ȯؼ ’ ѱؾб ְϰ, 򰡿 (Korea Institute of Toxicology) Ͽ ۵Ǿ, 2020 6 ǰ ִ. ǥ ‘̼öƽ ϱ ұ ϰ 츮 ؾȯ濡 ̼öƽ ȯؼ Ըϴ ’̴. ȯؼ ⺻ Ʋ , (exposure assessment) (effect assessment) ұ 켱 Ȯϰ Ȯ ؿ ̼öƽ 򰡸 Ͽ 츮 ؾȯ ̼öƽ ؼ ̴. о߷μ , ·̵·Ȯ, dzȭ(̼ȭ), ϰ ִ. ؿ ؿ, غ ƿ츣 ؾȯ ݿ ģ ̼öƽ ذ Ȳ Ըν, ȯ ̼öƽ ذ ¸ ̴.

4. ̼öƽ ° ΰ Ȳ

.    öƽ ؾȯ濡 ִ ū ȴ. öƽ ε, ̷ ɾ(ghost fishing)̶ Ѵ. ̰ ؾ , Ȱ̳ dz սǵ ̳ ׹ װ Ǵ Ѵ. ؾ ̸ ü öƽ 밡 Ǹ, ̷ , Ŀ尨, ȭ ҷ ջ Ÿ ִ. ų 鸸 ٴ, ٴٰź, ؾ öƽ ȭ ȯ ׾ ְ ų 3 Ϲ ٴǥ(Phocidae) ׹ ɷ Ļϰ ִ.

Ӹ ƴ϶ ٴٰź 86%, ٴ 44%, ؾ 43% Ͽ,  267 ؾ öƽ ް ִ Ÿ(Laist, 1997). ſ پ ؾ ̼öƽ 뷮 ֱ ̼öƽ ؾȯ濡 ū ۿϰ ִ. 2011 ̱ UC-San Diego Scripps Institution of Oceanography ϸ GPGP ȹ 27 141 9.2% 忡 پ öƽ ߰Ͽ, ̵ 12,000~24,000 öƽ Ű ִ 򰡵Ǿ. ̷ ظ ް ִ ϱ , ̷ ش 򰡵ǰ ִ.

. ȭ   ̼öƽ ش ػӸ ƴ϶ ȭ ظ ų ִ. ù°, ȭй ̼öƽ ǥ鿡 , ̼öƽ ̻罽 Ͽ ܰ ޵ ִ. ̼öƽ , ,  θ Ǵ PCBs, DDT, ߱ݼ Ҽ ִ (Mato et al., 2001). ׸ Betts(2008) , ̼öƽ PCBs 󵵴 ֺ PCBs 󵵺 1鸸 Ͽ. öƽ öƽ ִٰ Ͽ(Engler, 2012). öƽ Ǿ PCBs, DDT ÷ Ⱓ ȯ濡 , Ҽ ֹ߼ (Semi-Volatile) ܿ ü(bioaccumulation) Ư ȯ濡 ְ ̵ ִ ̴. Ư POPs ߿ Ư¡ ϳ ü ְ, 󵵰 罽 Ű Ѵٴ ̸, ̷ ü̶ Ѵ.

̰ ȯ濡 󵵰 Ǵ ܰ迡 ̵ǰ DZ ûѴ(Moore et al., 2002; Ilyina & Tatjana, 2006). ܰ ؾ POPs ̼öƽ 罽 ܰ POPs 󵵷 ȴ. ׸ ܰ ؾ <׸ 2.3> ֵ е ؼ ǥ鿡 ϴ ̼öƽ ִ. ̷ ı ֳ ʷ ְ Űų ȣ ̻ ʷϱ⵵ ϰ, ΰԱ ǿ ĥ ִ(Ryan, 1988; Lee et al., 2001).

°, ̼öƽ ÷ Ǵ ̴. öƽ ǰ öƽ Ư 츮 A, (ŻƮ), ȭ (BFRs) پ ÷ ÷ ִ. ̵ ÷ ؾȯ濡 öƽκ ؾ ̷ ϸ к ۿϿ <׸ 2.3> ̻罽 ü ȴ. к ̻罽 ܰ迡 Ǵ () ̵Ǵ ȿ ˷ ʾҰ, ؾ°迡 ġ ؿ ؼ 跮ȭ ʾұ , κп ߰ ʿϴ(Gold et al., 2013).

. ̼öƽ  ̼öƽ ؿ κ ؾ° ̾. ׷ ֱٿ õ ̼öƽ (Erkes-Medrano et al., 2015), 2017 9 ̱ 񿵸 б Orb Media ̳׼Ÿб ߺǴа 縦 Ͽ ̱ , ƽþ 14 159 83% ̼öƽ ƴٰ ߴ. ̷ 츮 ȯδ 2017 9 7 ¸ ľϱ 縦 ȹ̶ .

׷ ƴϴ. İ , õ ϴ , õ Ͽ ۹ ̼öƽ  . ٴٿ , , , ⳪ , ̿ پ ؾ깰 . ǻ ̼öƽ Ǿٰ ̴. ׷ ΰ 츮 ̼öƽ װͿ ȭй Բ ԰ ð ִ ̴.

׸ ô ̼öƽ Ǿ ִٴ ֱٿ ǥǾ. ǰ dzⓇ, ٻⓇ, Ⓡ, ׽ǻⓇ, 緹׸Ⓡ ܿ Ⓡ(ε׽þ), 񽺷Ⓡ(ε), ǪⓇ(߽), ԷѽŸ̳Ⓡ(), ̳Ⓡ(), Ⓡ(߱) ǥ ӿ ʴ ̼ ũ öƽ Ǿٴ ̱ Ͼ ָ ȯа ǥǾ(BBC , 2018 3). ̵ ̱ 񿵸 б Orb Media Ƿڸ ޾, ߱, ̱, , ε, ε׽þ, ߽, ٳ, ±, 9 ǸŵǴ 11 귣 259 , 93% ̼öƽ ߰ߵǾ. ָ 1ʹ Ӹī ( 100) ū ̼öƽ 10.4, Ӹī ⺸ ̼öƽ 325 ȮεǾٴ ̴.

. 罽 ̼öƽ  ̼öƽ ũ °Ӹ ƴ϶ Ե ġ ϰ ߱ ִ. ̼öƽ ũⰡ ۱ öũ ſ ü Ͽ, پ ü ӿ ̼öƽ ߰ߵȴ. 츮 ܰ ƴϾ, ѱؾб ‘ؾ ̼öƽ ȯ ؼ ’ (ѱؾб, 2016) , 泲 ϴ ؿ , ġ, ,  97% 135 ü ӿ ̼öƽ ߰ߵǾ(ؾȯ氳߻ ߰, ؾ ̼öƽ ȯ ؼ , ѱؾб, 2016. 12. 26.). ̴ ũⰡ ū öƽ Ӹ ƴ϶ ° ̻罽 ٴڿ ϰ ̼öƽ ǰ ش.

Ҽӵ ؾȯ溸ȣ ׷(GESAMP) 2016⿡ ߰ ‘ؾȯ ̼öƽ ߻, ¿ ’(GESAMP, 2016) , ؾ  ̼öƽ κ ȭ ӹ 輳ȴ. ϰ Դ ⸦ ؼ ΰ ̼öƽ ɼ ũ , Դ ȫ, , 븦 ̼öƽ ɼ ٰ ȴ. ȫհ 븦 ؼ ظ 1 1,000 ̼öƽ Դ´ٰ Ѵ. з Դ ѱ Ľ ϸ Ȳ ̶ ȴ. Ӹ ƴ϶, (10 1m) ̼öƽ ̿ ħѴٰ ϴ ϴ Ϻδ ӿ ɼ ִ. ȯȹ(UNEP) 2016 5 ‘ؾ öƽ ̼öƽ’(UNEP, 2016) “ ũ ̼öƽ ¹ݰ ħ ִ” Ұϰ , ε ̿ ü ִ ̼öƽ ̹ ǰ ִ.

5. öƽ к ؼ

ݱ öƽ ⿡ ߻ϴ ̼öƽ ؼ Ͽ. ⼭ ̼öƽ е 뵵 ϰ Ѵ. ߾ϼδ 躸DZⱸ(WHO) Ͽ(International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC) з ٸ Ͽ(2018 7 30 ). Ȯ Ű 1(carcinogenic to humans) 120, ų ɼ 2A(probably carcinogenic to humans) 82, ų ɼ ִ 2B(possibly carcinogenic to humans) 302, Ű з ʴ 3(not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans) 501, Ű 4(probably not carcinogenic to humans) 1̴. ̱ ȯ溸ǰп(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIEHS) α׷(National Toxicology Program, NTP) IARCʹ ٸ зϴµ ‘ü߾Ϲ ˷ (known to be human carcinogen)’ K 62 ‘ü߾Ϲ Ǵ (reasonably anticipated to be human)’ R 186 зѴ. ׸ ̱ ȸ(American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, ACGIH) ü ߾Ϲ Ȯε A1, ü ߾Ϲ ǽɵǴ A2, ߾Ϲ ü ü ˷ A3 зѴ.

. ƿ(Polyethylene, PE)   뵵: üμ μ ȭм öƽ е(high density), е(low density), е(linear low density) ƿ еǸ, öƽ , ֹǰ, ʸ, ȭ, ̺ , , ֹ ⸧  ȴ.

: ƿ ˷ ִ. ޼ , 赿 󿡼 Ͼ ִ. 깰 , , Ǻ ڱ, , ޽, ȣ , ħ δ(Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2007). 迡 Ÿ 깰 Ű ۿ Ÿ. IARC ü ߾Ϲ з 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. ʷ(Polypropylene, PP)   뵵: ȭм, , , 尭, భ, ݰ ȣϴ. ̷ ū ȭп, ϼ ǰ ۺǰ, , , ڵ , Ƿǰ  ȴ.

: Ƿ ̿ PP ٰ ˷ ִ. ʷ ԵǸ ḷ̳ ڱ , 깰 ÷ ȭչ з ȴ(Grant, 1974). IARC ü ߾Ϲ з 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. ȭ(Polyvinyl chloride, PVC)   뵵: ϰ, پ ̻ μ 귮 50% ̻ Ǽκп ȴ. ü, , ٴ, , ҿ dzĹ, ʸ, , ȴ.

: PVC ʾҴ. , ڿ ݺ Ǵ Ⱓ Ǹ ־ ִ. , PVC Ṱ ȭ(vinyl chloride) ߵ ߽Ű踦 ϰ ɺ ִ. Ű浶, 鿪, , ִ. IARC PVC ִ Ű 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979). , PVC Ṱ ȭ ΰ 幮 ߻Ű ߾Ϲ̸, , , , ȭϰ ΰ谡 , IARC 1 ü߾Ϲ Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. 췹ź(Polyurethane, PUR)   뵵: ź μ dzϰ, ο ũ, پ. ַ , , , ιâ, ռ, ,  ȴ.

: 췹ź ֵ ᰡ Ǵ 翣 ̼ҽþȻ(toluene diisocyanate, TDI) Ǻ, , , ڱؼ ִ. న(euphoria), , , ΰȭ(ַ ȣ), , , μ ȯ Ͼ ִ(McKerrow et al., 1970; Le Quesne et al., 1976). ӵǴ ΰ, , , , ߱(μ) ִ(McKerrow et al., 1970; Le Quesne et al., 1976). Ǻο ڱ , ȫ, Ͼ ִ(US DHHS, 1988). ü Ǵ ⿡ Ŀ ڱ Ÿ ִ(Axford et al., 1976; Siribaddana et al., 1998). IARC PUR ִ Ű 3 Ͽ. , IARC Ṱ TDI ü߾ϰɹ(possibly carcinogenic to humans) 2B зϿ, NTP ü߾Ϲ Ǵ зϿ(IARC, 1979).

. ƿ ׷ŻƮ(Polyethylene terephthalate, PET)   뵵: е ׸ PET Ư , 尭 ̵ Ư ־ ַ ̳ ȴ. , Ư ġ , PET ǰ ġ е ǥ ǰ ٷο о߿ ſ Ͽ, ںǰ ̽, ڵ , Ƿ  ǰ ִ.

: PET ΰ ʴ ʾҴ. 迡 PET ް ⹰ Կ Ÿ ʾ, PET ް ġ ʾҴ.

. Ƽ(Polystyrene, PS)   뵵: , ġ ݼ ϸ, ǰ , Ƽ , , ܿ ȴ.

: ſ ؼ ų ƴ϶  ߾Ϲ ˵尡 ִ. IARC ü ߾Ϲ з 3 Ͽ (IARC, 1979).

. ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS)   뵵: ݼ ɼ öƽ, پ پ ϴ. , ڵ ǰ, ǰ, ǰ, ȭ , , ũ̼ ǰ ȴ. 1977 9 , ABS ̻ Ǿ.

: 븸 ǽõ 翡 ABS Ǵ 깰 İ ȭų ִٰ Ǿ(Cheng, 2004). ABS ޼ ٸ Ϲ ߰ߵǾ. IARC ü ߾Ϲ з 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. Ÿũ(Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA)   뵵: ñ β 3mm 93% Ǹ, ũ̳ öƽ ǰ, ġ ö ۿ ȴ.

: ԰ ߵ Ÿ Ÿ. Ǻ, , , , ڱѴ. 󵵷 ų , , ߷ , Ҹ ִ(Scolnick & Collins, 1988). ¾ ߴ޿ ָ ְ, Ǻ ˷⸦ ų ִ. IARC ִ Ű 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. Ʈ÷οƿ(Polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE)   뵵: Ϲ (teflon)̶ Ҹ PTFE Ʈ÷ƿ ܷü(-C2F4-) ſ ڷ ſ ū ü, ſ Ҽ ̴. ֿ оߴ ǽ (ü ý, Ǹ Ȱ )   е ħ ȴ. Ƿ Ǹ 뵿 ̳̽  ̿ , ֹǰ ÿ ȴ.

: ߻ ִ 輺 ̿ܿ ⱸ Ͽ ˷ (Sittig, 1985). IARC ִ Ű 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979). , Ṱ Ʈ÷οƿ ü߾ϰɹ 2B зϿ.

. Ƽ(Expanded polystyrene, EPS)   뵵: Ҽ Ƽ , Ƽ̶ ̸ ˷ ִ. ܿ, 漺, , Ͽ, ǰ , ܿ, ǰ ȴ.

: ϴ. IARC ִ Ű 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

ī. īƮ(Polycarbonate, PC)   뵵: Ҽ öƽ ü̸, , ߷ Ȱ添  ȴ.

: ʰ ʾҰ, ΰ赵 ʾҴ.

Ÿ. ƹ̵(Polyamide, PA)   뵵: Ϸ ˷ ִ ƹ̵ е , , , ݼ, ϰ, Ǵ öƽ ϳ̴. ڵ ǰ, ݼ ǰ ü δ.

: ʰ ʾҰ, ΰ赵 ˷ ʾҴ.

. (Epoxy)   뵵: ϰ, , Ѽ, , , ݼ, å, øƮ . ܰ, ݼ, , ũƮ Ÿ öƽ ȣ , , ̳Ʈ, ij, ٴ ȴ.

: ˷⼺ Ǻο, õ ִ.

. ȭ ׸(Unsaturated polyester, UP)   뵵: , 꼺 , ¿ ȭǴ ִ. ȥϿ ȭ öƽ ִ. Ư ̷ ұϰ ٸ öƽ ῡ Ͽ ϸ öƽ ſ ϰ ǰ , ũ, , , ȭ, ȭ  ȴ.

: ʰ ʾҴ. ΰ赵 ʾҴ.

. (Melamine-formaldehyde, MF)   뵵: ΰ ˵带 ⼺ ˸ Ͽ Ų ȭ ̴. 1.48 ̸ 翡 2.0 ϰ ǥ 浵 ǰ ִ ռ ܴϿ, ı, 1ȸ Ŀ, Ͽǰ, ǰ,  ȴ.

: ʰ ʾҰ, ΰ赵 ʾҴ.

6. ÷(additives) ؼ

. ƿ ŻƮ(Butyl benzyl phthalate, BBP)   뵵: Ǵ ƿ ŻƮ ũ , , öƽ, ڵ , , Ʈ ȴ.

: Ʈΰռ ȯȣ ֵǰ ִ. ߽Ű踦 Ͽ , , ޽, Ҵ, ǽļҽ Ÿ ٹ߼Ű ߻ ִ(Doull et al., 1980). Ǻο ڱ ϰ ڱ ϸ ߻ ִ. ߾ϼ ʹ 㿡 ٱ 輺 Ѵٴ ִ(NTP, 1982). IARC ִ Ű 3 Ͽ(IARC, 1979).

. ƿ ŻƮ(Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate)   뵵: Ǵ ƿ ŻƮ , Ʈ, Ź߷, dz ǰ, ٴ, ̺, Ź, Ŀư, ǰ  峭 Һ翡 ȴ.

: , Ǻ, ڱ ų ִ. 1 ̻ Ⱓ ƿ ŻƮ , ջ ߱ ִ(National Research Council, 1986). 带 ̿ ޼/ݺ ⵶迡 . /ߴ , , 鿪 ΰ赵 ã . IARC ƿ ŻƮ ü ߾ ǽ 2B зϿ(IARC, 1979).

. ƿ ŻƮ(Diethyl phthalate, DEP)   뵵: ƿ ŻƮ , Ǵ ſ ⼺ ü , ڿ , Ʈμο ʻ꼶 , ü , Űü, ,  ȴ.

: ü ߾ϼ . , , , 긲, ٹ߼ Ű溴, , , ̻, , ٸ Ѵ. ΰ õİ ˷ Ÿ ִ. ݺ Űջ ų ִ(Sittig, 2002). Ǻθ ϰ ڱϸ, Ƣ кǸ  Ѵ(Bingham et al., 2001). ˽ Ǻο ߻ ִ. IARC ߾Ϲ з ԵǾ ʴ.

. ƿ ŻƮ(Dibutyl phthalate, DBP)   뵵: ƿ ŻƮ Ȳ ⼺ ü̴. ַ , , ǰ, Ȱ, ֹ߹ ŷ ȴ.

: ƿ ŻƮ 迡 ޼ Ÿ. ׷ Ⱓ 䵵Ͽ, ẹȯ, , ΰȯ, ߴ , ȭ, ȯ ĵ Ǵ Ǿ. ü 䵵Ͽ, ẹȯ, ڼ ĵ Ű Ǿ(Spade et al., 2014). IARC ߾Ϲ з ԵǾ ʴ.

. ̼Һƿ ŻƮ(Diisobutyl phthalate, DIBP)   뵵: ̼Һƿ ŻƮ Ͽ μ ȴ. ׸ DBP е ־ DBP ü ȴ.

: ̼Һƿ ŻƮ Ÿ, Ⱓ ü, ߷, ߴ ȭ Ѵٴ ִ. ̼Һƿ ŻƮ Ű ̶ Ŵ ϴ. IARC ߾Ϲ з ԵǾ ʴ.

. ̼ҵ ŻƮ(Diisodecyl phthalate, DIDP)   뵵: ̱ öƽ öƽ 꿡 Ϲ Ǵ ̴. , ⱸ, ǰ, ǰ ÿ ȴ.

: ̱ տ ŻƮ ༺ ָϰ ϰ ִ.

. ̼ҳ ŻƮ(Di-isononyl phthalate, DINP)   뵵: ̼ҳ ŻƮ öƽ ϰ Ǵ μ ȣ, ̳, ٴ Ÿ ȴ. ǰ 忡 ѵǾ ִ. ̱  Կ ִ  峭 ǰ 0.1% ̻ DINP, DIDP, DNOP ϰ ִ.

: ̿ 迡 ߾ϼ Ÿ. ΰ ߾ϼ ΰ Ȯε ʾҴ.

. 𿣿ƿ ŻƮ(Di-n-octyl phthalate, DNOP)   뵵: 𿣿ƿ ŻƮ ü̸, ַ öƽ ̿ȴ.

: ̿ 迡 汸 Ǻ θ . ߽Ű Ͼ Ǻ , , ִ(EPA, 1985). Ⱓ ü, ߷, ȭ ϰ, 迡 ̸ ų ִٴ ִ. ߾ϼδ Ȯε ʾҴ(Huber et al., 1996).

. ƿ ŻƮ(Dimethyl phthalate, DMP)   뵵: ƿ ŻƮ öƽ Ű μ ȴ. , , , ʸ  ȴ.

: 迡 ĵ ִ ˷ , Ȯ ʴ(ACGIH, 2013).

. ȭ (Brominated flame retardants, BFRs)   뵵: öƽ, , ׸ , ڵ , ö , , , ̺ , ȣ Ʈ ȭ μ ȭ (Polybrominated biphenyls, PBBs), ȭ ׸(Polybrominated diphenyl ether, PBDEs), ι̳Ƽ Ŭ (hexabromocyclododecane, HBCD/ HBCDD), Ʈθ A(Tetrabromobisphenol A, TBBPA) ǥ̴.

: ι̳Ƽ Ŭ ̿ ޼ 迡 汸, Ǻ, Ǵ ڱ . ݺ 迡 ̳ ߾Ͽΰ Ȯε ʾҴ(EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2009).

ī. A(Bisphenol A, BPA)   뵵: , , , Ʈ ü Ǵ öƽ ٽ μ Ǹ, Һ, , ǰ , ǰ,  峭 پ ǰȭǰ ִ.

: A ˷ Ʈΰ Ȱ к ̴ֹ. ޼ , İ ߻ 縦 ϴ پ ɿ ģ(Delfosse et al., 2012). DNA ջ ϸ, 迡 ִٰ Ǿ(Murrayet al., 2007). ׷ IARC ߾Ϲ з ԽŰ ʰ ִ.

Ÿ. (Nonylphenol)   뵵: öƽ ǰ μ Ǹ, ȭ (PVC) ε δ. , , , ȭ ȴ.

: ذ ̷ ǥ Ǵ 翡 صǴµ Ȥ ̻ ҿȴ. ش ſ ̹ϴ. Ʈΰհ Ȱ Ÿ ִ ɷ к ֹ ִ(Nagao et al., 2000). 鿪, ĵ Ǿ, IARC ߾Ϲ з ԽŰ ʰ ִ.

7. ؼ

. ȭ(Polychlorinated biphenyl, PCB)   뵵: ȭ 뵵 ǰ ִ ̴. , б , ġ Ǹ, ۵(hydraulic fluid), Ȱ, ͺ, ÷, ޾, ź , , Ż, ȭ, ȴ.

: ȭ ȭ Ͽ ȯ ü ܷϴ Ư δ. 밳 ȭ ȭչ ȥյ ·, ǰ, ȣ, Ǻθ ΰ ȴ. ̻罽 , Ÿ. ȭ ü ȰȭŴμ ߾ϼ Ÿ Ǿ, Ҽ 帧(Chloracne) Ư¡ Ǻ , ȮεǾ. ϸ, 鿪ü, ջ Ųٰ Ǿ. к ֹ ˷ Ÿ⵵ Ѵ. , 2016, IARC ȭ ȭչ ΰ ϴ Ȯ 1 зϿ(IARC, 2016).

. ŬηεҵŬηοƿ(Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, DDE)   뵵: 帰, Ŭε, , , DDT, ̷, , ŸŬ, ΰ ϴ ⿰Ұ ̴. , DDT 깰μ, DDT Ҽ̱⵵ ϴ.

: ŬηεҵŬηοƿ Ǹ , , Ƿ, , , κи, , Ϻ ݻ, , 밨 , μ ݻ, , ȥ, ȣ Ÿ. ٸ δ Ӹ , ȣ ְ Ÿ ִ. Լ, ȸ , (hypersensitivity), Ÿ⵵ Ѵ. 强-뼺 , Ȳ(xanthopsia) ϱ⵵ Ѵ. 迡 ü ջ Ÿ(USEPA, 1980), 迡 DDE Ǿ ߻ Ͽ (IARC, 1991).

. Ƽ(Acenaphthene)   뵵: Ƽ Űü, , ȴ. öƽ ̿ȴ.

: Ƽ ų ǽɵǸ, ſ ̴. ޼ 並 ߱ , Ǻ, ڱ ִ. ̻ 迡 Ƽ 󵵸 Ű, ȣ Ȱ Ҹ ̴ ̵ Ų. 󵵴 Ƽ ۿ ð Ѵ(Imshenetskii et al., 1985). Ƽ ȯźȭ(PAH) Ǻ Ǹ Ǻξϰ ߺ ȴ.

. ÷(Fluorene)   뵵: ÷ öƽ ҷ ǰ, ÷ ü ȴ.

: 迡 Ư Ÿ ʾ, ļ ĥ ִٴ ִ. ÷ 90ϰ Ŵ Ÿ, ƿ ڰ پ, ȯ Ұ ȮεǾ. ߾ϼ ؼ IARC ִ Ű 3 зϿ.

. ÷(Fluoranthene)   뵵: ÷ Ÿ ƽƮ ǰ ̸, ũ ö ö ȣϴ ȴ.

: ü ߾ϼ з ʾ, Ⱓ Ǻο ų ִ. ÷ο Ǻο ˼ ȭ, , , ɺ, ջ, , ȣ Ÿ ִ. Ǻ ȯ ȯڿ ΰ ĥ ִ. IARC ߾ϼ޺з 3 ü߾Ϲ з شѴ. Ǻο Ÿ, ִ ȫ Ÿ´(Kochevar et al.,1982).

. Ʈ(Anthracene)   뵵: Ʈ پ 뵵 ǰ Ǵ 忡 ̿ȴ.

: Ʈ 迡 ս ü ü , , Ǿ. EU ߾ϼ 򰡴 1B(ΰ ߾ ɼ ִٰ Ǵ )̴.

. ũ(Chrysene)   뵵: ũ ռ þ ȴ.

: Ǻ ˿ ؼ ȫ, Ǻȭ, 帧 , ڱذ Ÿ, μ ڱذ, ȣ ڱذ ħ, , Ÿ. ŵ, Ÿ ִ. ߾ϼ޺з IARC 2B̰(IARC, 1979), ACGIH A3, Ȯ ߾Ϲ شѴ. ũ ȭ ߾ϼ Ÿ ˷ ִ.

. Ƿ(Benzo(a)pyrene, BP)   뵵: ̿ǰ ִ.

: Ǻο ϸ ȫ, ȭ, Ÿ, 縶Ͱ ⵵ Ѵ. 赿 Ⱓ ϸ ҷ , ȭ ϱ⵵ Ѵ. 콺 Ÿ⵵ Ѵ. IARC ߾ϼ޺з ü߾Ϲ 1̴(IARC, 1979). Ƿ ̸ ϸ ߾ ȿ ˷ ִ. Ƿ Ǹ Ǹ, ̻ Ÿ, 赿 Ⱓ ϸ ҷ , ȭ ϱ⵵ Ѵ.

. Ʈ(Benz(a)anthracene, BA)   뵵: Ʈ ȭй ȴ.

: ȯ濡 ϴ źȭ ȭչ ֿ μ ߾Ͽ̴. ü ü DNA ̻ Ų. , İ 븦 ü ȴ. Ʈ 汤 Ǻ Ų Ÿ ΰ ߾Ͽ ˷ ִ. ΰ ı ջ ų ɼ Ǿ ִ. , Ʈ 赿 Ȯε ߾Ͽ̸, ӽ(Ames) ׽Ʈ ̿ ȮεǾ. IARC ߾ϼ޺з ü߾ϰɹ 2B̴(IARC, 1979).

. ˵帰(Aldrin)   뵵: ˵帰 ⿰Ұ ̴. ü ä ,  ȴ. ˵帰 ȭ ̵ 𿤵帰 ȿ .

: 汸 10mg/kg ʰϴ 󵵿 ޼ ߽Ű ̻ ߻ ְ, 3~7g ִ. ֿ ǥ Ű̴. Ű , ٰ뼺 , ߼ ߻ ִ. ׸, ȥ ϴ ȣ ߻ ְ ̰ Ϲ ȴ. ߾ϼ޺з IARC 3̴(IARC, 1974). DNA ջ ߰ߵǾ, ü ̻ , ̸ Ͽ(HSDB, 1997, RTECS, 1997). ˵帰 迡 ̳ Ǿ(Schardein, 1985), ޼ 簡 Ÿ(Proctor et al., 1988). , 6~12 ˵帰 ȯڿ ̻ Ÿ. , ˵帰 ϰ ٷڵ鿡 Ǿ(Gupta, 1975).

ī. 𿤵帰(Dieldrin)   뵵: DTT Ǿ ֱٿ ѵǰ ִ ⿰Ұ ̴. ˵帰 ˵帰 汸 ȿ ü 𿤵帰 صǸ鼭 ȿ ˷ ִ.

: ڿ迡 ذ ʰ ü DZ ſ طο Ǵܵȴ. ĵ, ߽Ű , 鿪, پ ϰ ִ. ӽ Ǿ ¾ ı ߻ Ű ִ. Ų ü ǽɵDZ⵵ Ѵ. ߾ϼ޺з IARC 3̰(IARC, 1979), ACGIH A3, Դ Ȯ ߾Ϲ ˷ ִ.

Ÿ. ÷οź꿰(Perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA)   뵵: ÷οź꿰 C8 ˷ ΰ, ϰ ִ.

: 迡 ϰ Ÿ ߴ Ű ȮεǾ. , ħ, , ⵵ڱ, , ȥ, Ѵ. ΰ ÷οź꿰 óϸ DNA ջ Ӹ ƴ϶ ֱ⸦ Ų. Ⱓ ÷οź꿰 Ǿ 縦 Ÿ. 迡 ȯ Ͽ(Klaassen, 2001).

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